Micrometers usually have hardened steel, or even tungsten faces - impossible to turn down, so this is a factory made tool. Thread micrometers often have Vee shaped anvils. I guess this is a special for a one off usage....
FYI in France they are known as Palmers.... (ex Wiki:The first documented development of handheld micrometer-screw calipers was by Jean Laurent Palmer of Paris in 1848)
One of the first was by James Watt in 1772...